GEMS project
Presentation
“Gas phase Elemental abundances in Molecular Clouds” (GEMS) is a IRAM Large Program granted with 458 h of observing time in the 30 m IRAM telescope. Project observations started in 2017.
The goal is to determine the S, C, N, O depletions and X(e-) as a function of visual extinction, in a selected set of prototypical star forming filaments (TMC 1, B 213/L 1495, Barnard 1, NGC 1333, IC 348, L 1448, B 5, Orion A).
These parameters are the essential ingredients for chemical models and for cloud collapse simulations because they govern the gas cooling and the coupling of the gas with the magnetic field. Hence, they are of paramount importance for star formation galactic studies. From the chemical point of view, the variation of the elemental abundances in gas phase is a valuable information to determine the evolution of dust grains and the composition of the icy grain mantles across the cloud.
As an intermediate product, we will provide a complete set of molecular data in dark clouds.
In particular, our dataset will include high-sensitivity spectroscopic observations of CS, SO, H2S, HCS+, SO2, OCS and H2CS.
Up to our knowledge, it constitutes the best S-bearing molecules dataset in dark clouds so far, and a key stone to progress in our understanding of the sulfur chemistry.
Frequency and sensitivity coverage
3 mm (FSW, rms ~ 10-20 mK) 2mm (FSW, rms ~ 10-20 mK for frequencies < 150 GHz,
rms ~ 20-30 mK for frequencies > 150 GHz)
85.0 GHz - 86.8 GHz 133.7 GHz - 135.5 GHz
88.3 GHz - 91.5 GHz 137.0 GHz - 138.8 GHz
92.0 GHz - 94.8 GHz 143.2 GHz - 145.0 GHz
95.3 GHz - 97.0 GHz 146.4 GHz - 148.3 GHz
97.6 GHz - 99.4 GHz 158.8 GHz - 160.7 GHz
101.0 GHz - 103.0 GHz 162.1 GHz - 163.9 GHz
105.4 GHz - 107.2 GHz 167.2 GHz - 169.0 GHz
108.7 GHz - 110.5 GHz 170.5 GHz - 172.3 GHz
Source list
Source | J2000 position |
b213-c1-1 | 04:17:41.80 +28:08:47 |
b213-c1-2 | 04:17:44.07 +28:08:47 |
b213-c1-3 | 04:17:46.34 +28:08:47 |
b213-c1-4 | 04:17:50.87 +28:08:47 |
b213-c1-5 | 04:17:55.41 +28:08:47 |
b213-c1-6 | 04:17:59.94 +28:08:47 |
b213-c1-7 | 04:18:04.48 +28:08:47 |
b213-c1-8 | 04:17:39.53 +28:08:47 |
b213-c1-9 | 04:17:37.26 +28:08:47 |
b213-c2-1 | 04:17:50.60 +27:56:01 |
b213-c2-2 | 04:17:52.87 +27:56:01 |
b213-c2-3 | 04:17:55.14 +27:56:01 |
b213-c2-4 | 04:17:59.67 +27:56:01 |
b213-c2-5 | 04:18:04.20 +27:56:01 |
b213-c2-6 | 04:18:08.74 +27:56:01 |
b213-c2-7 | 04:18:13.28 +27:56:01 |
b213-c2-8 | 04:17:48.33 +27:56:01 |
b213-c2-9 | 04:17:46.06 +27:56:01 |
b213-c5-1 | 04:18:03.80 +28:23:06 |
b213-c5-2 | 04:18:06.07 +28:23:06 |
b213-c5-3 | 04:18:08.34 +28:23:06 |
b213-c5-4 | 04:18:12.87 +28:23:06 |
b213-c5-5 | 04:18:17.41 +28:23:06 |
b213-c5-6 | 04:18:21.94 +28:23:06 |
b213-c5-7 | 04:18:26.48 +28:23:06 |
b213-c5-8 | 04:18:01.53 +28:23:06 |
b213-c5-9 | 04:17:59.26 +28:23:06 |
b213-c6-1 | 04:18:08.40 +28:05:12 |
b213-c6-2 | 04:18:10.67 +28:05:12 |
b213-c6-3 | 04:18:12.94 +28:05:12 |
b213-c6-4 | 04:18:17.47 +28:05:12 |
b213-c6-5 | 04:18:22.01 +28:05:12 |
b213-c6-6 | 04:18:26.54 +28:05:12 |
b213-c6-7 | 04:18:31.08 +28:05:12 |
b213-c6-8 | 04:18:06.13 +28:05:12 |
b213-c6-9 | 04:18:03.86 +28:05:12 |
b213-c7-1 | 04:18:11.50 +27:35:15 |
b213-c7-2 | 04:18:13.77 +27:35:15 |
b213-c7-3 | 04:18:16.04 +27:35:15 |
b213-c7-4 | 04:18:20.57 +27:35:15 |
b213-c7-5 | 04:18:25.11 +27:35:15 |
b213-c7-6 | 04:18:29.64 +27:35:15 |
b213-c7-7 | 04:18:34.18 +27:35:15 |
b213-c7-8 | 04:18:09.23 +27:35:15 |
b213-c7-9 | 04:18:06.96 +27:35:15 |
b213-c10-1 | 04:19:37.60 +27:15:31 |
b213-c10-2 | 04:19:38.72 +27:15:46 |
b213-c10-3 | 04:19:39.87 +27:16:01 |
b213-c10-4 | 04:19:42.14 +27:16:31 |
b213-c10-5 | 04:19:46.67 +27:17:31 |
b213-c10-6 | 04:19:51.21 +27:18:31 |
b213-c10-7 | 04:19:36.48 +27:15:16 |
b213-c10-8 | 04:19:35.33 +27:15:01 |
b213-c10-9 | 04:19:33.06 +27:14:31 |
b213-c12-1 | 04:19:51.70 +27:11:33 |
b213-c12-2 | 04:19:52.80 +27:11:48 |
b213-c12-3 | 04:19:53.97 +27:12:03 |
b213-c12-4 | 04:19:56.24 +27:12:33 |
b213-c12-5 | 04:20:00.77 +27:13:33 |
b213-c12-6 | 04:20:05.31 +27:14:33 |
b213-c12-7 | 04:20:50.58 +27:11:18 |
b213-c12-8 | 04:19:49.43 +27:11:03 |
b213-c12-9 | 04:19:47.16 +27:10:33 |
b213-c16-1 | 04:21:21.00 +27:00:09 |
b213-c16-2 | 04:21:22.12 +27:00:24 |
b213-c16-3 | 04:21:23.24 +27:00:39 |
b213-c16-4 | 04:21:25.50 +27:01:09 |
b213-c16-5 | 04:21:29.96 +27:02:09 |
b213-c16-6 | 04:21:34.44 +27:03:09 |
b213-c16-7 | 04:21:19.88 +26:59:54 |
b213-c16-8 | 04:21:18.76 +26:59:39 |
b213-c16-9 | 04:21:16.52 +26:59:09 |
b213-c17-1 | 04:27:54.00 +26:17:50.00 |
b213-c17-2 | 04:27:55.12 +26:17:35.00 |
b213-c17-3 | 04:27:56.24 +26:17:20.00 |
b213-c17-4 | 04:27:58.48 +26:16:50.00 |
b213-c17-5 | 04:28:02.96 +26:15:50.00 |
b213-c17-6 | 04:28:07.44 +26:14:50.00 |
b213-c17-7 | 04:27:52.88 +26:18:05.00 |
b213-c17-8 | 04:27:51.76 +26:18:20.00 |
b213-c17-9 | 04:27:49.52 +26:18:50.00 |
Barnard-1 | 03:33:01.90 31:04:23.2 |
Barnard-2 | 03:33:56.31 30:52:43.4 |
Barnard-3 | 03:33:40.74 30:56:03.4 |
Barnard-4 | 03:33:25.20 30:59:23.0 |
Barnard-5 | 03:33:15.92 31:01:23.2 |
Barnard-6 | 03:33:11.25 31:02:23.5 |
Barnard-7 | 03:33:06.59 31:03:23.3 |
Barnard-8 | 03:33:04.25 31:03:53.5 |
ic348-1 | 03:44:01.00 32:01:54.8 |
ic348-2 | 03:44:01.00 32:11:55.1 |
ic348-3 | 03:44:01.00 32:09:25.3 |
ic348-4 | 03:44:01.00 32:06:55.2 |
ic348-5 | 03:44:01.00 32:04:54.8 |
ic348-6 | 03:44:01.00 32:03:55.0 |
ic348-7 | 03:44:01.0 32:02:54.7 |
ic348-8 | 03:44:01.00 32:02:24.8 |
ic348-9 | 03:44:03.36 32:01:53.5 |
ic348-10 | 03:44:05.74 32:01:53.5 |
ic348-11 | 03:44:10.45 32:01:53.5 |
ic348-12 | 03:44:15.16 32:01:53.5 |
ic348-13 | 03:44:24.61 32:01:53.5 |
ic348-14 | 03:44:33.65 32:04:21.6 |
l1448-1 | 03:25:49.00 30:42:24.6 |
l1448-2 | 03:25:51.37 30:42:24.6 |
l1448-3 | 03:25:53.67 30:42:24.6 |
l1448-4 | 03:25:58.36 30:42:24.6 |
l1448-5 | 03:26:02.96 30:42:24.6 |
l1448-6 | 03:26:12.26 30:42:24.6 |
l1448-7 | 03:26:23.90 30:42:24.6 |
l1448-8 | 03:26:39.41 30:42:24.6 |
Source | J2000 position |
1333-c3-1 | 03:29:11.00 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-2 | 03:29:13.35 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-3 | 03:29:15.70 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-4 | 03:29:20.37 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-5 | 03:29:25.04 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-6 | 03:29:34.40 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-7 | 03:30:09.53 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-8 | 03:30:25.14 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-9 | 03:29:08.66 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-10 | 03:29:06.35 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-11 | 03:29:01.65 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-12 | 03:28:56.96 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-13 | 03:28:47.60 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-14 | 03:28:39.40 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-15 | 03:28:12.48 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-16 | 03:27:56.87 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c3-17 | 03:27:33.47 31:18:27.4 |
1333-c1-1 | 03:28:51.0 +31:28:02.0 |
1333-c1-2 | 03:28:29.0 +31:28:02.0 |
1333-c1-3 | 03:29:49.5 +31:28:02.0 |
1333-c1-4 | 03:30:31.2 +31:28:02.0 |
1333-c2-1 | 03:29:08.559 +31:06:02.0 |
1333-c2-2 | 03:30:21.342 +31:06:02.0 |
1333-c2-3 | 03:28:11.581 +31:06:02.0 |
1333-c2-4 | 03:27:33.524 +31:06:02.0 |
1333-c4-1 | 03:29:08.8 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-2 | 03:29:10.9 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-3 | 03:29:13.0 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-4 | 03:29:17.2 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-5 | 03:29:21.4 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-6 | 03:29:25.6 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-7 | 03:29:50.8 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-8 | 03:30:32.8 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-9 | 03:29:06.7 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-10 | 03:29:04.6 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-11 | 03:29:00.4 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-12 | 03:28:56.2 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-13 | 03:28:52.0 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-14 | 03:28:33.2 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-15 | 03:28:26.8 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c4-16 | 03:27:50.0 31:15:18.1 |
1333-c5-1 | 03:29:04.5 31:20:59.1 |
1333-c5-2 | 03:29:06.6 31:20:59.1 |
1333-c5-3 | 03:29:08.7 31:20:59.1 |
1333-c5-4 | 03:29:12.9 31:20:59.1 |
1333-c5-5 | 03:29:17.1 31:20:59.1 |
1333-c5-6 | 03:29:21.3 31:20:59.1 |
1333-c5-7 | 03:29:02.4 31:20:59.1 |
1333-c5-8 | 03:29:00.3 31:20:59.1 |
1333-c5-9 | 03:28:56.1 31:20:59.1 |
1333-c5-10 | 03:28:51.9 31:20:59.1 |
1333-c5-11 | 03:28:47.4 31:20:59.1 |
1333-c6-1 | 03:29:18.2 31:25:10.8 |
1333-c6-2 | 03:29:20.3 31:25:10.8 |
1333-c6-3 | 03:29:22.4 31:25:10.8 |
1333-c6-4 | 03:29:26.6 31:25:10.8 |
1333-c6-5 | 03:29:30.8 31:25:10.8 |
1333-c6-6 | 03:29:16.1 31:25:10.8 |
1333-c6-7 | 03:29:14.0 31:25:10.8 |
1333-c6-8 | 03:29:09.8 31:25:10.8 |
1333-c6-9 | 03:29:05.6 31:25:10.8 |
1333-c7-1 | 03:29:25.5 31:28:18.1 |
79-c1-1 | 03:47:38.99 32:52:15.05 |
79-c1-2 | 03:47:41.48 32:52:17.90 |
79-c1-3 | 03:47:43.87 32:52:17.90 |
79-c1-4 | 03:47:48.62 32:52:17.90 |
79-c1-5 | 03:47:58.17 32:52:17.90 |
79-c1-6 | 03:48:18.78 32:52:17.90 |
79-c1-7 | 03:48:50.55 32:52:17.90 |
79-c1-8 | 03:47:36.73 32:52:17.90 |
79-c1-9 | 03:47:34.35 32:52:17.90 |
79-c1-10 | 03:47:29.58 32:52:17.90 |
79-c1-11 | 03:47:20.06 32:52:17.90 |
79-c1-12 | 03:46:59.42 32:52:17.90 |
79-c1-13 | 03:46:27.67 32:52:17.90 |
Source | J2000 position |
Ori-c3-1 | 05:35:23.678 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c3-2 | 05:35:25.678 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c3-3 | 05:35:27.678 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c3-4 | 05:35:31.678 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c3-5 | 05:35:39.678 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c3-6 | 05:35:49.678 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c3-7 | 05:35:21.678 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c3-8 | 05:35:19.678 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c3-9 | 05:35:15.678 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c3-10 | 05:35:11.678 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c3-11 | 05:35:01.678 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c3-12 | 05:36:25.076 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c3-13 | 05:33:20.590 -05:12:31.79 |
Ori-c2-1 | 05:35:04.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-2 | 05:35:06.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-3 | 05:35:08.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-4 | 05:35:12.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-5 | 05:35:16.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-6 | 05:35:20.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-7 | 05:35:24.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-8 | 05:35:44.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-9 | 05:36:44.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-10 | 05:35:02.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-11 | 05:35:00.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-12 | 05:34:56.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-13 | 05:34:52.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-14 | 05:34:48.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-15 | 05:34:44.15 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-16 | 05:33:49.66 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-17 | 05:33:17.28 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-18 | 05:34:27.88 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-19 | 05:34:36.95 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c2-20 | 05:34:12.98 -05:35:41.5 |
Ori-c1-1 | 05:35:17.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-2 | 05:35:19.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-3 | 05:35:21.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-4 | 05:35:25.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-5 | 05:35:29.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-6 | 05:35:33.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-7 | 05:35:37.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-8 | 05:35:57.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-9 | 05:36:17.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-10b | 05:36:37.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-11 | 05:36:56.76 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-12 | 05:35:15.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-13 | 05:35:13.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-14 | 05:35:09.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-15 | 05:35:05.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-16 | 05:35:01.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-17 | 05:34:57.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-18 | 05:34:37.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-19 | 05:33:57.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Ori-c1-20 | 05:33:17.54 -05:00:41.5 |
Source | J2000 position |
TMC1-CAL-1 | 04:41:41.9 +25:41:27.1 |
TMC1-CAL-2 | 04:41:44.12 +25:41:27.1 |
TMC1-CAL-3 | 04:41:46.34 +25:41:27.1 |
TMC1-CAL-4 | 04:41:50.78 +25:41:27.1 |
TMC1-CAL-5 | 04:41:55.22 +25:41:27.1 |
TMC1-CAL-6 | 04:41:59.66 +25:41:27.1 |
TMC1-NH3-1 | 04:41:21.3 +25:48:07.0 |
TMC1-NH3-2 | 04:41:23.52 +25:48:07.0 |
TMC1-NH3-3 | 04:41:25.74 +25:48:07.0 |
TMC1-NH3-4 | 04:41:30.18 +25:48:07.0 |
TMC1-NH3-5 | 04:41:34.62 +25:48:07.0 |
TMC1-NH3-6 | 04:41:39.06 +25:48:07.0 |
TMC1-C2-1 | 04:41:38.8 +25:59:42.0 |
TMC1-C2-2 | 04:41:41.02 +25:59:42.0 |
TMC1-C2-3 | 04:41:43.24 +25:59:42.0 |
TMC1-C2-4 | 04:41:47.68 +25:59:42.0 |
TMC1-C2-5 | 04:41:52.12 +25:59:42.0 |
TMC1-C2-6 | 04:41:56.6 +25:59:42.0 |